Uno de los problemas a los que se puede enfrentar un paciente con diabetes es al denominado pie diabético, sobre todo en las personas que tienen la enfermedad desde hace muchos años. «Con la evolución de la diabetes y su mal control se pierde la capacidad de sentir y la circulación sanguínea se ve afectada, por lo que hay riesgo de aparición de heridas o lesiones con pequeñas agresiones que pueden ser difíciles de cicatrizar y curar por la disminución del riego sanguíneo», indica la Dra. Iciar Galicia Martín, jefa de nuestro Servicio de Endocrinología, quien señala que el problema más grave es la aparición de ulceras que pueden infectarse y extenderse más allá del pie.
Por eso, hay que prestar la atención adecuada a este problema y prevenir, en la medida de lo posible, su aparición. De hecho, la clave está en tener un buen control de la diabetes, donde no se puede dejar a un lado la buena alimentación y la práctica de ejercicio físico de forma regular.
Prevención de lesiones en pacientes con diabetes
En cuanto a la prevención de las lesiones en los pies de los diabéticos, nuestra especialista destaca que se pueden prevenir controlando los niveles de glucemia en sangre, consiguiendo un buen control metabólico, manteniendo muy controlada el azúcar en sangre y con una serie de cuidados, como son mantener una hidratación adecuada, revisar todos los días los pies, utilizar unos zapatos y unos calcetines adecuados… Ante la primera sospecha de que puede aparecer una lesión en el pie, hay que acudir rápidamente a buscar una atención médica adecuada para que resuelvan cuanto antes el problema.
Es muy importante ponerse en manos del especialista adecuado, que dependiendo de cada lesión, la tratará de forma diferente, ya que existe una amplia variedad de tratamientos, ya que una herida en un pie que no se trata de forma adecuada y a tiempo puede evolucionar a ulcera grave. En esas circunstancias, la herida puede requerir una amputación, puesto que la infección puede extenderse.
Contenido validado por la Dra. Iciar Galicia Martín, endocrina del Hospital Universitario de Torrejón
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